Learning Development: Scenario Based Learning

Scenario-based learning (SBL) is learning that occurs by following success and failure paths within a context, situation, or social framework (Kindley, 2002) in which learners are able to explore a problem, event or issue [to] assist with problem-solving, decision making, and interpretation of data or observations in the real-world.

SBL is based on the concept of situated cognition, which is the idea that knowledge can't be known and fully understood independent of its context. (Kindley, 2002) Using real life scenarios heightens the relevance of the learning because the focus is more on application than plain theory. The learner, therefore, becomes an active participant in the learning process.

The basic elements of scenarios (often referred to as branching) are as follows:
• The learner is presented a problem in the form of text, images, audio, and/or video
• The learner has to choose how to respond to the problem
• Based on how they respond, the scenario branches down a path
• At the end of the path, the learner may be presented with feedback and the option to retry the scenario to improve their results

Research completed by Will Thalheimer, PhD suggests that the scenario-based approach to learning aids in the following:
• Supports Long Term Remembering
• Provides Memory Retrieval Practice
• Enables Context and Language Triggered Remembering
• Boosts Learning and Performance

By building scenarios where [learners] have to actively make decisions, you’re better able to help them transfer the information and make it more meaningful. (Kuhlman, 2009)

Resources:
Kindley, R. W. (2002). Scenario-based e-learning: a step beyond traditional e-learning. ASTD Online Magazine. Retrieved from: http://bit.ly/13oM3V

Kuhlman, T. (2009). 7 Tips for Better E-learning Scenarios. Rapid E-Learning Blog. Retrieved from: http://bit.ly/dlgaC

Thalheimer, W. (2009) Using Linguistically, Culturally, and Situationally Appropriate Scenarios to Support Real-World Remembering. Work-Learning Research Inc. Retrieved from:http://bit.ly/yLjpQA

Learning Design: Scenario Based eLearning

Scenario based eLearning
Notes from #CETS11 - Chicago eLearning and Technology Showcase

Traditional scenario based learning:
- Uses real life situations to teach the subject focusing on application of knowledge
- Presents real life situations in order to learn through feedback based on choices
- Creates highly engaging and interactive courses where learner is active participant

The basic premise of a scenario is that the learner is presented a challenge and a number of choices that can be made based on the situation. Depending on the learner's decision, the learner is presented feedback and/or a specific consequence of the action as outlined in the flowchart below:

Components of a scenario:
- Background/ Context
- Character(s)
- Situation
- Word bubbles/ audio
- Action items
- Consequence/ feedback

Challenges of scenario based learning:
- LMS or eLearning platform does not allow branching
- Lack of time - design and development of scenario based eLearning takes approximately 120 hours per 1 hour of learning
- Lack of SME involvement - scenarios require heavy content input from SMEs

References:
Weiss, T. (2011) Creating Scenario-Based Learning Using Rapid eLearning Tools. http://chicagoelearningshowcase.com/

Image: http://blog.commlabindia.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/design-effective-scenarios-for-elearning-courses.jpg